Objectives:
- To test a level of understanding for my final year project.
- To present about hydroelectric generator; the performance or what have been achieved.
- To improve myself, in term of knowledge, presentation and communication.
- Refer to FYP scheme, presentation degree semester 2 to prepare a material.
- Discuss with supervisor, about how to tackle the question.
- Done a more research about basic knowledge of hydroelectric generator.
- Prepare a video as an supported material.
- Ensure the prototype in high good condition.
- I'm done a slideshow, poster and a few testing towards hydro prototype to ensure it work properly during presentation.
- The presentation will be conducted by 2 referee.
Objectives:
- To discusses on the result, analysis and performances that are encounter in the final result.
- To evaluate the effectiveness and ensure whether it had meed the outlined objectives successfully.
- To compare a result from three different methods.
- Make a comparison table between the three methods which is prototype testing, calculation and simulation.
- Make an analysis for inverter circuit.
- Do a hydroelectric prototype troubleshooting.
- Check the output current either the load can be powered or not.
- A power inverter is a device that converts DC 9direct Current) power into AC (Alternating Current) power.
Objectives:
- To prove an inverter performance.
- To analyse the right output inverter circuit.
- To Check a misconduct (mistake) while doing early inverter circuit.
- Make a research about inverter calculation.
- Make an analysis for basic inverter circuit
- Consider any losses during inverter operation.
- Try to collect information about inverter circuit before started calculating.
- The power output rating of the inverter chosen (in VA or n Watts is directly dependant on the load that will be powering.
Objectives:
- To make a configuration of changeover circuit.
- To gain an understanding about transfer switch operation.
- To produce output that can match the transfer switch limit.
- Make a research about transfer switch circuit.
- Complete a configuration of transfer switch.
- Do a component test. Collect an old component that have been used in order to reduce a cost.
- Hydroelectric generator must produce an approximately voltage to enable the supply line.
- The transfer switch involve an under voltage relay, 240 V relay, contactor, circuit breaker, photocell sensor and etc.
- The change over process happen approximately 2.5 second.
- The pictures of transfer switch are been shown below.
Objectives:
- To find a problem of hydroelectric prototype.
- To analyse the prototype performance.
- To solve a problem occur within time limit.
- Make a component test towards such as alternator, battery and rotation of the turbine.
- Ensure the right configuration has been done.
- Do a component test. Check the rotation of the turbine and the alternator shaft using tachometer.
- To identify the problem by doing a research, ask a supervisor and get a consult from wireman.
- I'm done a test about alternator part and found another problem that need to be solve quickly. This is involved about alternator also.
- The rotation of the turbine shaft was not fast enough to achieve a standard speed of alternator in order to produce a voltage.
- The car alternator needed at least 1600 rotation per minute to produce an approximately 12 V voltage. The battery must always connected to give an excitation voltage towards alternator.
Objectives:
- To find a problem of hydroelectric prototype.
- To analyse the prototype performance.
- To solve a problem occur within time limit.
- Make a component test such as towards, alternator, battery and rotation of turbine.
- Ensure the right configuration has been done.
- Do a component test. Spray the water towards the turbine and find the voltage reading in Multimeter..
- Try to identify the problems by doing a research, ask a supervisor and get a consult from wireman.
- The test has been done at the toilet and i find the alternator can not produce a voltage. The reading was get only from the battery.
- When the current measurement done before the rotation of turbine and after the turbine rotated, the current and voltage value get are same which is 12 V, produced only by battery.
- The pictures during alternator troubleshooting has been shown below.
Objectives:
- To make an configuration of the hydro material.
- To build a proper hydroelectric prototype.
- To check an suitable approach that can meet the goal of the project.
- Make a configuration based on specification on each material.
- Understand the function of each mechanical items.
- Justify the cost and what component to be used.
- Troubleshoot the prototype in order to determine problem.
- This project did not have a software programming because of the higher cost, and based on the objective project itself.
- In other means, the mechanical material is one of the parts that need to be focusing on during this project.
- The mechanical material must be done properly. It is because, hydroelectric systems is depend on the accurate place, timing and proper design in order to produce a right output.
Objectives:
- To find a suitable mechanical parts.
- To compare the specification of the material.
- To justify the right material that meet the right cost.
- Make a research about items that need to be used.
- Go to Jalan Pasar and Kepong to find the the material.
- Do a component test.
- Make an analyse about hydroelectric operation systems.
- I'm done a few research about operation and simpler systems of hydroelectric in market. Most of it is using the bigger turbine in order to produce a higher electricity.
- So, the comparison between common hydro systems that usually use in village or small hydro has been used as reference.
Objectives:
- To learn about type of turbine used in hydroelectric generator.
- To gain knowledge about turbine efficiency.
- To analyse the turbine behaviour and determine the suitable turbine for proposed systems.
- Get the information from book, video and document.
- Compare the types of turbine.
- Justify the right turbine for proposed systems.
- Try to produce my own customized turbine based on specification given.
- The turbine used to converts the energy in the water into electricity.
- Many types of turbines available, so it is important to match the turbine to the system's condition of water head and flow.
- The Pelton wheel have been chosen as a suitable turbine in proposed systems due a few factors such as performances, reliability and cost.
Objectives:
- To build an proper hydroelectric prototype.
- To build a device that can convert the mechanical flow energy (water) into usable electric energy.
- To make an enclose, since the hydroelectric use a turbine, act to prevent a water leakage.
- Make a research about suitable material like PVC, aquarium, metal and so on.
- Done a cost analysis towards suitable material.
- Make an early design by using an AUTOCAD software to visualize the prototype.
- Make an early survey while buying the material.
- I'm begin to considering a suitable frame towards this mater.
- I'm decided to work with something easy to deal with, strong and light as possible. The material should be a non - conductor.
Objectives:
- To make a circuit PCB etching and drilling.
- To Test a PCB Inverter circuit.
- To analyse the circuit performance.
- Prepare a material to do circuit etching.
- Do a component test. Collect an old component that have been used in order to reduce a cost.
- Try to do some test towards etching circuit to analyse the performance.
- I'm done a construction for High Current Inverter Circuit. The circuit is fly-back converter and using 555 timers as an controller.
- This testing part was done by using my old equipments that have been used during my studies.
- The circuit PCB design and the pictures during etching the inverter circuit was shown below:
Objectives:
- To Test an inverter circuit.
- To Compare between other inverter circuit.
- To Check a misconduct (mistake) while doing early inverter circuit
- Make a research about suitable circuit for DC - AC inverter, PWM and so on.
- Make an analysis for Basic inverter circuit
- Do a component test. Collect an old component that have been used in order to reduce a cost.
- Try to collect information about inverter circuit before etching my inverter circuit.
- I'm done a construction for 100 Watt Inverter. This is the circuit that i get from www.circuitstoday.com.
- This little experiment was done by using my old equipments that have been used during my studies.
- The circuit diagram and the pictures for my testing inverter circuit was shown below:
Objectives:
- To Gain Knowledge about the most effective protection circuit and component.
- To Compare between other protection circuit.
- To Design and construct a suitable protection circuit.
- Make a research about suitable circuit for protection inverter, relay and so on.
- Make an analysis for Basic high voltage protection circuit
- Do an analysis and calculation to determine circuit performance.
- Make sure a suitable circuit to begin circuit developing.
- The safety for main circuit design will be care by construct a protection circuit.
- I'm proposed a 3 stage protection circuit to make sure a higher current of electricity can't damage a circuit component.
- The analysis of protection circuit for stage 1 ( FUSE ):
Objectives:
- To Gain Knowledge about the most effective inverter circuit.
- To Compare between other inverter circuit.
- To Check a misconduct (mistake) while doing early inverter circuit
Content / Procedure:
- Make a research about suitable circuit for DC - AC inverter, PWM and so on.
- Make an analysis for Basic inverter circuit
- Do a simulation and experiment to determine a circuit performance.
- Make sure a suitable circuit to begin circuit developing.
Result and Analysis:
- I'm done a simulation using Multisim Software between basic inverter circuit and my chosen inverter circuit to analyse the performance. The result have been show below:
